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Muslims consider the Quran, the holy book of Islam, as the word of God and a miracle. The Main and primary miracle of the Quran is believed by Muslims to be the actual text of the Quran itself. This is not based on an emotional argument but instead a rational one. This is because Muslims believe, the text, although in Arabic does not conform to the standard poetry and prose categories commonly expressed by all forms of written and spoken languages and therefore falls outside of the realm of limited human possibility, and as humans are not capable of producing this type of speech, it is therefore from the devine who is outside the realm of limitation and restriction. The definition of a miracle is "a marvellous event not ascribable to human power or the operation of any natural force and therefore attributed to supernatural, esp. divine, agency; esp. an act (e.g. of healing) showing control over nature and used as evidence that the agent is either divine or divinely favoured."〔Oxfod English Dictionary, 2nd ed., definition of "Miracle".〕 Supporters of quranic science believe that Allah ''(God)'' in the Quran challenges Mankind to bring a recital like it and that the authenticity of its claims is supported by this challenge having gone unmet over over 1400 years. The verses of the Qur'an dealing with the challenge are given below (Hilali and Muhsin Khan's Translation): ''Say: "If the mankind and the jinns were together to produce the like of this Qur'an, they could not produce the like thereof, even if they helped one another."'' (17:88 ) ''And if you (Arab pagans, Jews, and Christians) are in doubt concerning that which We have sent down (i.e. the Qur'an) to Our slave (Muhammad Peace be upon him ), then produce a surah (chapter) of the like thereof and call your witnesses (supporters and helpers) besides Allah, if you are truthful.'' (2:23 ) ''Or they say, "He (Prophet Muhammad(P)) forged it (the Qur'an)." Say: "Bring you then ten forged surah (chapters) like unto it, and call whomsoever you can, other than Allah (to your help), if you speak the truth!"'' (11:13 ) ''Or do they say: "He (Muhammad(P)) has forged it?" Say: "Bring then a surah (chapter) like unto it, and call upon whomsoever you can, besides Allah, if you are truthful!"'' (10:37-38 ) ''Or do they say: "He (Muhammad(P)) has forged it (this Qur'an)?" Nay! They believe not! Let them then produce a recital like unto it (the Qur'an) if they are truthful.'' (52:33-34 ) The Quran describes Muhammad as ''"ummi"'',〔Quran 〕 which is traditionally interpreted as "unlettered," but the meaning is rather more complex. The medieval commentators such as Al-Tabari maintained that the term induced two meanings: first, the inability to read or write in general; second, the inexperience or ignorance of the previous books or scriptures (but they gave priority to the first meaning). Besides, Muhammad's being ''"ummi"'' was taken as a sign of the genuineness of his prophethood. For example, according to Fakhr al-Din al-Razi, if Muhammad had mastered writing and reading he possibly would have been suspected of having studied the books of the ancestors. Some scholars such as Watt prefer the second meaning.〔 〕 The suggestion is that since Muhammad had no previous knowledge of the content in the Quran, it was in fact composed of miracles. The majority of Muslim thinkers accept the factuality of the miracles found in the Quran. ==Time specific Miracles that relate to Muhammad== Several verses that appear in the Qur'an would suggest that certain miracles occurred just in relation to Muhammad: the splitting of the moon (Qur'an (54:2-1 )), assistance given to Muslims at the Battle of Badr (Qur'an - Although these events occurred during their respective times, Muslims believe their effect of course cannot be perceived as they were witnessed by a particular people at the time and are therefore only miracles for those who witnessed it at the time. This is why Muslims do not rely on these miracles when inviting others to Islam, but instead rely on the main aforementioned sole textual miracle of which its miraculous nature is believed can still be perceived and witnessed today over 1400 later. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Quran and miracles」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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